The aim of this work is to study the approaches to the formation of monitoring
systems and the information support of food security at the national and global levels
for the purpose of its’ unification in the future.
Research result. In 1996, the World Food Summit (WFS) has set a goal ''hunger’s
eradicatation in all countries, with a reduction the number of undernourished people up
to half of present level, no later than 2015". In 2000, in the Millennium Declaration
(MD) the importance of overcoming hunger and poverty reducing was recognized
through the establishment of the Millennium Development Goals' (MDGs) to halve,
between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger' (MDG 1.3).
FAO received a mandate to monitor progress in achieving the goals set by the
WFS and the MDGs. FAO Statistics Department systematically working to improve
the methodology and criteria needed to assess the spread of malnutrition.
In the framework of the Roundtable on hunger measuring, organized in the FAO’s
headquarters in September 2011, on the recommendation of experts has developed
"initial" set of indicators by which, proposed to conduct the research of various aspects
of food safety.
The choice of indicators was due to the importance of peer review and availability
of the data in the database to be able to compare by regions and dynamics. Information
on the evaluation methodology and indicators mentioned directly on the official site
FAO [1], which the organization brought together in a single database to provide an
open access to information and creating a food security volumetric information system.
In 2011-2012, FAO has improved methodology for assessing the spread of
malnutrition towards determining the most suitable model for describing the usual
dietary energy consumption and improving the estimation of its parameters. In
particular, it introduced a deviation from the normal distribution.
Further refinement of the methodology were introduced in 2014. There was a new
method for assessing the variability of consumption for countries with no survey data,
obtained from the ratio between the coefficient of variation of GDP per capita, the Gini
coefficient and food prices.
The indicators classified by measuring four food security’s components –
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