Official statistics do not allow the analysis of a single year, so we used those years
that most accurately reflected changes in the state of individual land use indicators
during the period of land reform in Ukraine.
1. Indication of the ecological state. It should be noted that the current ecological
state of land resources of the overwhelming part of Ukraine is characterized as crisis,
with a tendency to decline, which greatly complicates the socio-economic development
of the state and negatively affects landscape and biological diversity, health and living
conditions of the population. Thus, according to the conducted soil surveys, the content
of humus in soils of Ukraine in 1991, compared to 1881, decreased by 31.3%. At the
same time, only for 30 years (for the period from 1961 to 1991) the content of humus
in arable soils dropped by 0.4 points or 11.4%.
In addition, this state of affairs significantly influenced the constant reduction of
the introduction of organic fertilizers. If in 1985, 8.7 tons of organic fertilizers were
introduced per hectare and the fertilized area was 21.1 percent, then in 2015 the share
of fertilized areas with organic fertilizers under crops was 2.2 percent and only 0.5 tons
and 1 Ha (Fig. 3).
The opposite trend is observed with regard to the introduction of mineral
fertilizers: since 2005 there has been a steady increase in the amount of mineral
fertilizers applied per hectare, and the share of fertilized area under crop in 2013 has
already reached 81%, which is only 9 percentage points less than the level in 1985 (Fig.
4).
Figure 3 – Dynamics of organic fertilizer application for crops in Ukraine
Source: Made by the author according to data [12]
8,7
8,6
1,3
0,8
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
0,0
2,0
4,0
6,0
8,0
10,0
1985
1990
2000
2005
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
%
T
pe
r
1 he
ctar
e
Introduction of organic fertilizers T per 1 hectare
Specific weightof fertilized areas by organic fertilizers under crops, %
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